27. Robotics and Automation
What is Robotics?
Robotics is a branch of science and engineering that deals with the design, construction, programming, and operation of robots. A robot is a programmable machine capable of carrying out tasks automatically.
Main Components of a Robot
| Component | Function |
|---|---|
| Controller | Acts as the brain of the robot |
| Sensors | Collect information from surroundings |
| Actuators | Convert energy into movement |
| Power Supply | Provides energy to the robot |
| End Effectors | Tools attached to robot arms |
Types of Robots
- Industrial Robots: Used in manufacturing and assembly lines
- Service Robots: Used in hospitals and homes
- Humanoid Robots: Designed to resemble humans
- Autonomous Robots: Work without human control
- Medical Robots: Used in surgeries and diagnosis
What is Automation?
Automation is the use of technology, machines, and control systems to perform tasks with minimal human intervention. Automation increases efficiency, accuracy, and productivity.
Types of Automation
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Fixed Automation | Used for repetitive tasks |
| Programmable Automation | Can be reprogrammed for different tasks |
| Flexible Automation | Highly adaptable systems |
Robotics, Automation and AI
Modern robots use Artificial Intelligence to learn from experience, recognize patterns, and make decisions. Understanding the evolution of AI helps in understanding modern robotics.
Learn more here: History and Evolution of AI
Applications of Robotics and Automation
- Manufacturing industries
- Healthcare and surgery
- Agriculture
- Space exploration
- Defense and security
- Web-controlled automation systems
Advantages of Robotics and Automation
- High accuracy and consistency
- Increased productivity
- Reduced human effort
- Improved safety
- 24×7 operation
Limitations of Robotics and Automation
- High initial cost
- Requires skilled professionals
- Limited creativity
- Job displacement concerns
Robotics and Automation are transforming the modern world by improving efficiency and reducing human effort. A strong understanding of these concepts is essential for students aiming for careers in engineering, computer science, artificial intelligence, and future technologies. This topic is highly important for examinations and real-world applications.