Chapter 10: Changing Life – Part 2
📘 Class 9 • Maharashtra Board • Notes with visuals Mobile-friendly
1) Language 🗣️
India recognises multiple official languages (e.g., Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu, Gujarati, Kannada, Malayalam, Punjabi, Urdu, Assamese, Odiya, Kashmiri, Sanskrit, Konkani, Manipuri, Nepali, Sindhi). Each has regional dialects, many of which are declining—preservation is vital for cultural heritage.
- Hindi cinema helped Hindi spread nationwide, providing a common linguistic bridge.
- Post-1990 globalisation increased the role of English as a language of livelihoods and global opportunities.
- Need for balance: promote English for opportunities and protect regional languages & dialects to avoid cultural loss.
📻 Nagaland’s linguistic diversity (1961) required radio broadcasts in 25 tongues (English, Hindi, Naga dialects + 16 Naga languages) — a snapshot of India’s linguistic mosaic.
2) Sports 🏆
From limited pre-independence visibility to global podiums, Indian sports expanded in discipline, media coverage, and careers.
| Milestone | Why it mattered |
|---|---|
| Geet Sethi (Billiards/Snooker) Teen champion → World titles | Popularised a niche sport; triggered media coverage and inspired a new talent pipeline. |
| 1983 Cricket World Cup (Kapil Dev – Captain) | Cricket’s mass popularity surge; growth of domestic structures and viewership. |
| Sunil Gavaskar (1983) | Surpassed record Test centuries; elevated India’s batting legacy. |
| 1985 Benson & Hedges Cup | Reinforced India’s ODI dominance; expanded nationwide play & fandom. |
| Karnam Malleshwari (2000) | First Indian woman Olympic medalist (Weightlifting); boosted women’s sports visibility. |
🎥 Live telecasts (Tests & ODIs) + cricket-themed films amplified reach, sometimes at the cost of indigenous games.
3) Theatre & Films 🎬
- Theatre: From all-night mythologicals to shorter, contemporary plays; broader participation; rise of political & social themes; decline of traditional “musicals”.
- Films: Black-and-white → Colour; domestic stories → global themes & locations; subtitles widen access.
- Distribution shift: Single-screen, 100-week runs → Multiplexes + simultaneous nationwide/international releases.
- Industry status: Films recognised as an industry, employing crores; regional cinemas also thrive.
4) Newspapers 📰
Early post-independence press balanced news + nation-building—informing, educating, aiding commerce via ads, shaping opinion, and watch-dogging the state.
| Then → Now | Key Changes |
|---|---|
| Black-and-white → Colour | Visual appeal; special supplements; higher engagement. |
| Taluka/District papers → Statewide chains | Competition intensifies; wider reach; professionalisation. |
| News only → Social initiatives | Relief funds, scholarships, cultural sponsorships; deeper community role. |
5) Television 📺
- From B&W to Colour; limited slots → rich programming (education, news, leadership tours).
- Mythological serials (Ramayana, Mahabharat): mass family viewership & cultural impact.
- 1991 CNN live Iraq War: transformed expectations for real-time news.
- 1998 STAR TV entry: professional studios, fresh formats; decline of monotone, propaganda-style bulletins.
- OB vans + new tech: national connectivity, transparency, and political impact.
⚙️ Result: TV reshaped information flow, culture, and democracy; the country “started changing” with media’s real-time gaze.
6) Quick Revision 💡
- Languages: Preserve dialects; balance English growth with regional language protection.
- Sports: 1983 & 1985 cricket wins, Sethi/Gavaskar/Malleshwari—media fuels popularity and careers.
- Theatre/Films: Shorter plays; cinema → global themes, multiplex era; film = industry.
- Press: From local B&W to coloured, statewide, socially active newspapers.
- TV: Tech upgrades, private networks, OB vans → faster, broader, more diverse coverage.
7) Media Evolution at a Glance 🔁
| Field | Earlier | Now |
|---|---|---|
| Language | Strong regional bases, rich dialects | English growth (jobs), need to conserve dialects & scripts |
| Sports | Limited reach & coverage | Global titles, live telecast, wider participation & careers |
| Theatre | Long mythologicals | Short, contemporary, social/political themes |
| Films | B&W, single screens, long runs | Colour, multiplexes, global releases, industry scale |
| Newspapers | Local B&W editions | Colour chains, watchdog + community action |
| Television | Limited slots, B&W | 24×7 news, private channels, OB vans, national reach |
8) Key Terms & Concepts 🧩
Dialect preservation
Globalisation & English
Live telecast
Multiplex distribution
OB (Outdoor Broadcasting) Van
Watchdog journalism
9) Exam Pointers ✍️
- How Hindi films unified language spaces; why dialects need protection.
- Significance of 1983 WC, 1985 B&H, Geet Sethi, Karnam Malleshwari.
- Shift in theatre/film formats and economics (multiplex & global releases).
- Role transformation of newspapers (colour print, social initiatives).
- TV milestones (Ramayana/Mahabharat, CNN 1991, STAR 1998, OB vans).
Chapter 10: Changing Life – Part 2 (Exercises with Answers)
📘 Class 9 • Maharashtra Board • MCQs • Activities • Reasons • Long Answers
1) Choose the correct option ✅
(i) India won the cricket World Cup under the captainship of …
- (a) Sunil Gavaskar
- (b) Kapil Dev ✅
- (c) Syed Kirmani
- (d) Sandeep Patil
Answer: (b) Kapil Dev
(ii) The language gaining importance in India due to globalisation is …
- (a) Punjabi
- (b) French
- (c) English ✅
- (d) Hindi
Answer: (c) English
2) Activity – Complete the tables 🧩
Sample filled answers (students may write their own)
| Prompt | Illustrative Answers |
|---|---|
| 1. Important languages in India | Hindi, Marathi, Bengali, Tamil, Telugu, Gujarati, Kannada, Malayalam, Punjabi, Urdu, Assamese, Odia, Sanskrit, Konkani, Sindhi, Manipuri, Nepali, Kashmiri. |
| 2. Players who have won Olympic medals | Karnam Malleswari (Weightlifting), Abhinav Bindra (Shooting), Sushil Kumar (Wrestling), P. V. Sindhu (Badminton), Mary Kom (Boxing), Neeraj Chopra (Javelin), Sakshi Malik (Wrestling), Mirabai Chanu (Weightlifting). |
| 3. Children’s movies you have seen | Chillar Party, Makdee, I Am Kalam, Stanley Ka Dabba, The Jungle Book (Hindi), Hathi Mere Saathi. |
| 4. Channels telecasting news bulletins | Doordarshan News (DD News), Aaj Tak, ABP News, NDTV India / NDTV 24x7, India Today, CNN-News18, Zee News. (Examples) |
3) Explain the statements with reasons 🔎
(1) Cricket began to be played all over India, to a greater or smaller extent.
Reason:
- Historic wins: 1983 World Cup (Kapil Dev) and 1985 Benson & Hedges boosted national enthusiasm.
- Mass media: Live telecasts and later satellite TV made matches accessible nationwide.
- Icons & role models: Stars like Sunil Gavaskar inspired youth participation.
- Infrastructure & coaching: Schools/clubs/state associations expanded grassroots cricket.
(2) The economy of movies is changing.
Reason:
- Multiplex era: Many shows, targeted audiences, higher occupancy.
- Simultaneous wider releases: Nationwide & overseas openings change revenue patterns.
- Globalised content: Foreign locations, diverse themes, larger markets.
- Professionalisation: Films recognised as an industry; big investments, marketing, and allied jobs.
4) Answer the following in detail ✍️
(1) Why is it necessary to keep alive the dialects of Indian languages?
- Cultural heritage: Dialects preserve folklore, oral history, local wisdom, and identity.
- Diversity & inclusion: Protects linguistic pluralism; gives communities voice and dignity.
- Education & accessibility: Early learning in the mother tongue improves comprehension.
- Documentation & continuity: Safeguards literature, music, and traditions for future generations.
(2) Elaborate upon the changing form of newspapers.
- Design & tech: Black-and-white → colour, better layouts, special supplements.
- Scale: From local editions → statewide/national chains with wider reach.
- Roles expanded: Beyond news—watchdog journalism, public education, social campaigns, scholarships, relief fund-raising.
- Content breadth: Civic issues, culture, sports science, careers—deeper community engagement.
(3) Which changes have taken place in the medium of television?
- Format shift: From limited black-and-white broadcasts to rich colour programming.
- Cultural anchors: Ramayana & Mahabharat drew mass family audiences, proving TV’s reach.
- Live global news: 1991’s live coverage of the Iraq war reset expectations for real-time reporting.
- Private channels & tech: Entry of private networks (e.g., 1998 STAR TV), modern studios, and OB vans improved speed, variety, and transparency.
- National connectivity: Wider coverage influenced culture, politics, and public opinion across India.