1) 20 Important Words (with simple meanings in Hindi)

• Health — शारीरिक, मानसिक और सामाजिक रूप से अच्छा होना।
• Disease — शरीर/मन के सामान्य कार्यों में गड़बड़ी।
• Symptom — बीमारी का संकेत जैसे बुखार, खांसी।
• Pathogen — रोग पैदा करने वाला कीटाणु (जैसे बैक्टीरिया, वायरस)।
• Infection — कीटाणुओं का शरीर में फैलना।
• Vector — रोग फैलाने वाला जीव जैसे मच्छर।
• Acute — अल्प अवधि वाली बीमारी।
• Chronic — लंबे समय तक रहने वाली बीमारी।
• Hereditary — वंशानुगत, माता-पिता से मिलने वाली।
• Non-infectious — जो छूने/संपर्क से नहीं फैलती।
• Immunity — बीमारियों से रक्षा करने की क्षमता।
• Vaccine — प्रतिरक्षा बढ़ाने वाली दवा/टीका।
• Hygiene — स्वच्छ और सुरक्षित आदतें।
• Diabetes — इंसुलिन की कमी से रक्त में शुगर बढ़ना।
• Hypertension — उच्च रक्तचाप।
• Cancer — कोशिकाओं की अनियंत्रित वृद्धि।
• Rabies — कुत्ते आदि के काटने से होने वाला वायरल रोग।
• Generic Medicine — बिना ब्रांड का, समान गुणवत्ता वाली सस्ती दवा।
• Lifestyle — दैनिक दिनचर्या और खान-पान की आदतें।
• First Aid — आपातकाल में दी जाने वाली प्राथमिक मदद।

2) Important Notes (Quick Revision)

• Definition of Health: “Complete physical, mental and social well-being; not merely absence of disease.”
• Disease: Disturbance in normal physiological/psychological processes; each disease has specific symptoms.
• Classification of Diseases:
  • By cause: Infectious (spread via air, water, food, vectors, contact) and Non-infectious (do not spread by contact; arise within body—for example diabetes, heart disease, cancer, hereditary disorders).
  • By duration: Acute (short-term) and Chronic (long-term).
  • Hereditary: e.g., Down’s syndrome.
• Infectious Diseases Table (examples): Tuberculosis—Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Hepatitis (A–E viruses); Dysentery (bacteria/virus/amoeba); Cholera—Vibrio cholerae; Typhoid—Salmonella typhi.
• Spread via droplets: Large droplets settle in seconds; very fine mist can stay in air for minutes to hours.
• Dengue: Aedes aegypti mosquito; DEN-1 to DEN-4 viruses (flavivirus). Symptoms: acute fever, headache, vomiting, pain behind eyes, platelet drop → risk of internal hemorrhage.
• Swine Flu (Influenza A H1N1): Spread via nasal/throat secretions; diagnosis by throat sample; facilities at NIV Pune and NICD Delhi. Symptoms: fever, sore throat, body aches, breathing difficulty.
• AIDS: Due to HIV; immunity decreases; diagnosis with lab tests like ELISA; normal social contact/food sharing does not spread HIV.
• Rabies: Viral; from bite/scratch of infected dog/cat/monkey etc.; hydrophobia, behaviour changes; fatal but preventable by timely vaccination; symptoms may appear within 90–175 days.
• Non-infectious Examples: Cancer (uncontrolled cell growth; risk ↑ with tobacco, alcohol, junk food; heredity); Diabetes (low insulin → high blood glucose); Heart diseases (low blood supply to heart muscle → chest pain/heart attack).
• Modern Diagnostics/Treatment: CT/MRI, mammography, biopsy; chemo, radiotherapy, surgery (including robotic/laparoscopic), stents, bypass, pacemaker, transplant.
• First Aid – COLS: Call 108, check response, lay supine on hard surface, give chest compressions at $100$–$120\\,\\text{min}^{-1}$ (at least $30$ compressions).
• Generic Medicines: Quality equals branded; cheaper (no patent/marketing costs). PM Jan Aushadhi Yojana (1 July 2015) improves access.
• Lifestyle Matters: Regular sleep, balanced diet, physical exercise, yogāsanas & prāṇāyām (under guidance), hand-washing, boiled/filtered water—especially in rains.

3) 20 Most Important One-word Answer Type Questions

4) 20 Most Important Very Short Answer Questions

5) 20 Most Important Short Answer (2–3 lines) Questions

6) Textbook Exercises — Perfect Answers

Bonus: Quick Numbers with MathJax

• COLS compression rate: $100$–$120\\ \\text{compressions/min}$.
• Rabies symptom onset window: $90$–$175\\ \\text{days}$ after bite (as noted in text).