Chapter 7 – Sports and History

1. Vocabulary – 20 Words (in Hindi)

खेल (Sports)मनोरंजन और शारीरिक व्यायाम का साधन।

प्राचीन (Ancient)बहुत पुराना समय।

मल्लखंभ (Mallakhamb)खंभे पर किया जाने वाला व्यायाम खेल।

ओलंपिक (Olympics)दुनिया की सबसे बड़ी खेल प्रतियोगिता।

खिलाड़ी (Player)खेल खेलने वाला व्यक्ति।

टीम (Team)खेल में साथ खेलने वाला समूह।

खिलौने (Toys)बच्चों के खेलने के साधन।

त्यौहार (Festival)धार्मिक-सांस्कृतिक उत्सव।

भाला फेंक (Javelin throw)भाला फेंकने की प्रतियोगिता।

दौड़ (Race)तेज़ दौड़ने की प्रतियोगिता।

कबड्डी (Kabaddi)भारतीय पारंपरिक खेल।

शतरंज (Chess)बुद्धि से खेला जाने वाला खेल।

व्यायामशाला (Gym)शारीरिक अभ्यास का स्थान।

फुटबॉल (Football)गेंद से खेला जाने वाला खेल।

हॉकी (Hockey)भारतीय राष्ट्रीय खेल।

गुड़िया (Doll)बच्चों के खेलने का खिलौना।

इतिहास (History)बीते हुए समय की जानकारी।

फिल्म (Film)चलचित्र।

पत्रकारिता (Journalism)समाचार व लेखन का कार्य।

कैरियर (Career)व्यवसायिक जीवन।

2. Important Notes

Sports are linked to human civilisation since ancient times. Ancient Indians played dice, wrestling, chariot races. Greece introduced Olympics. Indian sports include Kabaddi, Kho-Kho, Mallakhamb. Toys and games tell us about culture and trade. Today sports are globalised, linked with media, economy, literature, films and professional opportunities.

3. One Word Answer Questions (20)

Q1. National game of India?Hockey. Q2. Wizard of Hockey?Major Dhyan Chand. Q3. First Indian female boxer in Olympics?Mary Kom. Q4. Traditional Indian pole sport?Mallakhamb. Q5. First city of Olympics?Olympia, Greece. Q6. Indian Ludo is also called?Chaukabara or Kachkavadya. Q7. Wooden dolls in Maharashtra?Thaki. Q8. Father of Cricket commentary in India?Bal J. Pandit. Q9. Game played with stones?Sagargote. Q10. Sport of Foghat sisters?Wrestling. Q11. Olympics for disabled?Paralympics. Q12. First full-length Indian movie?Raja Harishchandra (by Phalke). Q13. Rope acrobat sport?Rope Mallakhamb. Q14. International sport born in England?Cricket. Q15. Greek competition including discus?Olympics. Q16. Magazine on sports in Marathi?Shatkar. Q17. Film based on Phogat sisters?Dangal. Q18. Toy mentioned in Mrichchhakatika?Clay cart. Q19. Major training centre in Pune?Shiv Chhatrapati Kreeda Sankul. Q20. Sportsperson awarded Bharat Ratna in cricket?Sachin Tendulkar.

4. Very Short Answer Questions (20)

Q1. What do games provide?Relaxation, refreshment and fitness. Q2. What is active entertainment?When we directly participate, e.g. sports. Q3. Example of passive entertainment?Watching a match. Q4. Example of indoor game?Chess. Q5. Example of outdoor Indian game?Kho-Kho. Q6. Example of adventurous game?Rock climbing. Q7. What is Sagargote?Stone/seed game played by girls. Q8. What is Bhatukali?Play house game with dolls. Q9. Who created Mallakhamb?Balambhat Deodhar. Q10. Olympic Gold by India in 1936?Hockey under Dhyan Chand. Q11. Name Indian sports movie.Mary Kom. Q12. Function of toys in history?Show cultural, trade and tech links. Q13. What is Marathon?Long distance running race. Q14. National Sports Day?29 August (Dhyan Chand’s birthday). Q15. Mention one water sport.Swimming. Q16. Game with cards?Card games. Q17. What is Gilli-Danda?Traditional stick and peg game. Q18. First Indian cricket commentator?Bal J. Pandit. Q19. A movie on Saint Tukaram?Sant Tukaram. Q20. First Indian female wrestler with gold?Phogat sisters.

5. Short Answer Questions (20)

Q1. Importance of games in life? They improve fitness, courage, refresh mind, create cooperation and leadership qualities. Q2. What are indoor games? Games played indoors such as chess, cards, carom, Indian Ludo. Q3. What are outdoor games? Games played in open spaces like Kabaddi, Kho-Kho, Cricket, Football. Q4. What is globalisation of sports? Sports telecast worldwide, fans globally watch matches, affecting sports economy. Q5. What are toys in history? Clay, wooden dolls and toys tell us about culture, trade and festivals. Q6. Mention some Indian outdoor games. Kho-Kho, Langadi, Kabaddi, Gilli-Danda. Q7. Mention one adventurous sport. Skiing or rock climbing. Q8. Write about Balambhat Deodhar. Trainer of Peshwa Bajirao II, invented Mallakhamb inspired by monkeys. Q9. Why was toy fort tradition started in Diwali? To remember forts’ importance and Shivaji Maharaj’s legacy. Q10. Role of commentators? Provide live updates, historical facts and entertaining analysis of games.

6. Textbook Exercise Answers

Q1(A)(1). The ancient event of Olympic competitions used to be held at …………. Correct Answer: (a) Olympia, Greece. Q1(A)(2). The wooden dolls made in Maharashtra are known as …………. Correct Answer: (a) Thaki. Q1(B). Identify and write the wrong pair. Wrong Pair: Chess – Outdoor game ❌
Correct: Chess – Indoor game. Q2(1). Write notes: Toys and Festivals. During Diwali in Maharashtra, model forts are made with clay dolls of Shivaji Maharaj, soldiers and people. This tradition connects toys with festivals and history. Q2(2). Write notes: Sports and Movies. Movies like Dangal, Mary Kom show achievements of sports persons. They inspire people and spread sports awareness. Making such movies needs historical accuracy. Q3(1). Explain: Currently the structure of sports economy has been significantly affected. Due to globalisation, matches are telecast worldwide. Industries invest in advertisements, tickets and broadcasting, affecting the economy of sports. Q3(2). Write about history of sports equipment and toys in ancient India. Clay toys and dolls found in Harappan excavations show play culture. Ancient texts mention carts, dice games and dolls. Toys reveal cultural and trade contacts. Q3(3). Explain the close tie between sports and history. Sports and history are connected through literature, toys, movies, commentaries, biographies and traditions. Knowledge of history is needed in sports journalism and movies. Q3(4). Explain the difference between indoor and outdoor games. Indoor games are played inside, like chess, carom. Outdoor games are played outside, like cricket, football, kho-kho.